[gdb069]

First I would check the oil level either dipstick or draining and measuring.
If the engine ran reasonably that looks like a really bad overfill but could be something else. . I would clean it up, check the oil level a few times and see what happens. I would also ask the co-worker why so much oil? Maybe filled twice? With that much oil in the air filter housing there is no way to diagnose any additional issues.

 

[gdb069]

$1k is quite inexpensive if it can run. I would speak with co-worker before doing anything else. With that much oil in the air filter housing, it is likely your plugs have fouled so you will need to remove and clean them. You may also need a new air filter. However you should address the battery first because it sounds like you are missing a bolt, I would use a car battery for now if you can.
Drain the oil and replace.
Pull the plugs and clean
Connect a car battery