If you ride in the rain, or even a very thorough wash, water can enter the speedo and deposit at the bottom. This will create condensation and as moist is trapped inside it it will affect any weak spot you may have.
If there is a small spec of metal attached to the glass, for whatever reason, then it will oxidase.
The cleaning process is very easy and straightforward however, as you said, you will have to take it apart.
The cleaning can be with a sharp blade, the same used for cleaning windows in construction or use a kitchen scrub pad. The brass one not the steel.
This will either remove the oxidation and the metal particle completely or the brass will cover the oxidising metal. A bit like chrome.